Political cartoon on stock market crash in 1929
Democratic Partyin the United States, one of the two major political parties, the other being the Republican Party.
The Democratic Party has changed significantly during its more than two centuries of existence. During the 19th century the party supported or tolerated slavery, and it opposed civil rights reforms after the American Civil War in order to retain the support of Southern voters. By the midth century it had undergone a dramatic ideological realignment and reinvented itself as a party supporting organized labourthe civil rights of minorities, and progressive reform.
The logo of the Democratic Party, the donkeywas popularized by cartoonist Thomas Nast in the s; though widely used, it has never been officially adopted by the party. The Democratic Party is the oldest political party in the United States and among the oldest political parties in the world.
It traces its roots towhen followers of Thomas Jefferson adopted the name Republican to emphasize their antimonarchical views. The Republican Partyalso known as the Jeffersonian Republicans, advocated a decentralized government with limited powers. Another faction to emerge in the early years of the republic, the Federalist Partyled by Alexander Hamiltonfavoured a strong central government.
In Adams was defeated by Jeffersonwhose victory ushered in a period of prolonged Democratic-Republican dominance. Jefferson won reelection easily inand Democratic-Republicans James Madison and and James Monroe and were also subsequently elected. During the s new states entered the union, voting laws were relaxed, and several states passed legislation that provided for the direct election of presidential electors by voters electors had previously been appointed by state legislatures.
These changes split the Democratic-Republicans into factions, each of which nominated its own candidate in the presidential election of Jackson won the most popular and electoral votes, but no candidate received the necessary majority in the electoral college. When the election went to the House of Representatives as stipulated in the ConstitutionClay—who had finished fourth and was thus eliminated from consideration—threw his support to Adams, who won the House vote and subsequently appointed Clay secretary of state.
Jackson, whose strength lay in the South and West, referred to his followers simply as Democrats or as Jacksonian Democrats. Jackson defeated Adams in the presidential election. This rule, which was not repealed untileffectively ceded veto power in the selection process to minority factions, and it often required conventions to hold dozens of ballots to determine a presidential nominee. Davisneeded more than ballots to secure the nomination. From to the Democrats won all but two presidential elections and Southern Democrats, led by Jefferson Daviswanted to allow slavery in all the territories, while Northern Democrats, led by Stephen A.
Douglasproposed that each territory should decide the question for itself through referendum. The issue split the Democrats at their presidential convention, where Southern Democrats nominated John C.
Breckinridge and Northern Democrats nominated Douglas. With the Democrats hopelessly split, Lincoln was elected president with only about 40 percent of the national vote; in contrast, Douglas and Breckinridge won 29 percent and 18 percent of the vote, respectively. Some scholars also identify the election as a critical election. It established the Democratic and Republican parties as the major parties in what was ostensibly a two-party system.
In federal elections from the s to the s, the parties were in rough balance—except in the South, where the Democrats dominated because most whites blamed the Republican Party for both the American Civil War —65 and the Reconstruction —77 that followed; the two parties controlled Congress for almost equal periods through the rest of the 19th century, though the Democratic Party held the presidency only during the two terms of Grover Cleveland —89 and — Repressive legislation and physical intimidation designed to prevent newly enfranchised African Americans from voting—despite passage of the Fifteenth Amendment—ensured that the South would remain staunchly Democratic for nearly a century see black code.
The party at this time was basically conservative and agrarian-oriented, opposing the interests of big business especially protective tariffs and favouring cheap-money policies, which were aimed at maintaining low interest rates. Bryan lost by a wide margin to Republican William McKinleya conservative who supported high tariffs and money based only on gold. Wilson won in because the Republican vote was divided between President William Howard Taft the official party nominee and former Republican president Theodore Rooseveltthe candidate of the new Bull Moose Party.
Wilson championed various progressive economic reforms, including the breaking up of business monopolies and broader federal regulation of banking and industry. The Democrats lost decisively the presidential elections of, and Led by Franklin D. Rooseveltthe Democrats not only regained the presidency but also replaced the Republicans as the majority party throughout the country—in the North as well as the South.
Through his political skills and his sweeping New Deal social programs, such as social security and the statutory minimum wageRoosevelt forged a broad coalition—including small farmers, Northern city dwellers, organized labour, European immigrants, liberals, intellectualsand reformers—that enabled the Democratic Party to retain the presidency until and to control both houses of Congress for most of the period from the s to the mids.
Roosevelt was reelected in, and ; he was the only president to be elected to more than two terms. Upon his death in he was succeeded by his vice president, Harry S.
Trumanwho was narrowly elected in Eisenhowerthe supreme Allied commander during World War IIwon overwhelming victories against Democrat Adlai E. Stevenson in the presidential wap forex rates of and The Democrats regained the White House in the election ofwhen John F.
Johnson —who secured passage of the Civil Rights Act of and the Voting Rights Act of —cost the party the traditional allegiance of many of its Southern supporters. Although Johnson defeated Republican Barry M. Goldwater by a landslide inhis national support waned because of bitter opposition to the Vietnam Warand he chose not to run for reelection.
Republican Party | political party, United States [present] | utabumo.web.fc2.com
Following the assassination of Robert F. Humphreyat a fractious convention in Chicago that was marred by violence outside the hall between police and protesters. Meanwhile, many Southern Democrats supported the candidacy of Alabama Governor George Forex cft-626b mp3 fm transmitter. Wallacean opponent of federally mandated racial integration.
In the election Humphrey was soundly defeated by Nixon in the electoral college among Southern states Humphrey carried only Texasthough he lost the popular vote by only a narrow margin. From to the Democrats lost four of five presidential elections. In the party nominated antiwar candidate George S. McGovernwho lost to Nixon in one of the biggest landslides in U. Although Carter orchestrated the Camp David Accords between Egypt and Israelhis presidency was plagued by a sluggish economy and by the crisis over the kidnapping and prolonged captivity of U.
Carter was defeated in by conservative Republican Ronald W. Ferrarowas the first female candidate on a major-party ticket. In Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton recaptured the White House for the Democrats by defeating Bush and third-party candidate Ross Political cartoon on stock market crash in 1929. In the general election, Gore wonmore popular votes than Republican George W.
Bush but narrowly lost in the electoral college after the Supreme Court of the United States ordered a halt to the manual recounting of disputed ballots in Florida. Aided by the growing opposition to the Iraq War —11the Democrats regained control of the Senate and the House following the midterm elections. This marked the first time in some 12 earnest money deposit letter of intent that the Democrats held a majority in both houses of Congress.
The Democrats also increased their majority in the Senate and the House. In January the Democrats lost this filibuster-proof majority when the Democratic candidate lost the special election to fill the unexpired term of Ted Kennedy following his death. The Democrats held on to their majority in the Senate, though that majority also was dramatically reduced.
Many political cartoon on stock market crash in 1929 the Democrats who had come into office in the and elections were defeated, but so too were a number of longtime officeholders; incumbents felt the sting of an electorate that was anxious about the struggling economy and high unemployment. The election also was widely seen as a referendum on the policies of the Obama administration, which were vehemently opposed by a populist upsurge in and around the Republican Party known as the Tea Party movement.
The Democratic Party fared better in the general electionwith Obama defeating his Republican opponent, Mitt Romney. The election did not significantly stock & forex trading journal the distribution of power between the two main parties in Congress. While the Democrats retained their majority in the Senate, they were unable to equity option pricing models excel-vba pdf the House of Representatives.
In the presidential race, Democrats selected Hillary Clinton as their nominee, the first time a major party in the United States had a woman at the top of its presidential ticket. Despite tracing its roots to Thomas Jefferson—who advocated a less-powerful, more-decentralized federal government—the modern Democratic Party generally supports a strong federal government with powers to regulate business and industry in the public interest; federally financed social services and benefits for the poor, the unemployed, the aged, and other groups; and the protection of civil rights.
Most Democrats also endorse a strong separation of church and stateand they generally oppose government regulation of the private, noneconomic lives of citizens. Regarding foreign policyDemocrats tend to prefer internationalism and multilateralism—i. However, because the party is highly decentralized as is the Republican Partyit encompasses a wide variety of opinion on certain issues. Although most Democrats favour affirmative action and gun controlfor example, some moderate and conservative Democrats oppose those policies or give them only qualified support.
The conventions take place in the summer of each presidential election year; by tradition, the incumbent party holds its convention second. The Democratic National Convention is typically attended by some 4, delegates, most of whom are selected during the preceding winter and spring.
Until the s, few nationwide rules governed the selection of delegates to the Democratic National Convention. After the convention, during which Humphrey was able to secure the Democratic forex ea ichimoku without having won a single forex trade logger election or caucus, the party imposed strict rules requiring that states select delegates through primaries or caucuses and that delegates vote on the first ballot for the candidate to whom they are pledged, thus eliminating the direct election of candidates by the conventions.
More than 40 states now select delegates to the Democratic convention through primary elections. Virtually all Democratic primaries allocate delegates on a proportional basis, so that the proportion of delegates awarded to a candidate in a state is roughly the same as the proportion of the vote he receives in that state provided that he receives at least 15 percent.
In contrast, almost all Republican presidential primaries award all delegates to the candidate who receives the most votes. Thus, candidates running for the Democratic nomination tend to win at least some delegates in each primary, resulting generally in closer and longer nominating contests. Nevertheless, one candidate usually captures a majority of delegates before the summer nominating convention, leaving the convention simply to ratify the winner.
In addition to confirming the party nominee and adopting the party platform, the national convention formally chooses a national committee to organize the next convention and to govern the party until the next convention is held. The Democratic National Committee DNC consists of about party leaders representing all U. The DNC has little power, because it lacks direct authority over party members in Congress and even in the states.
Democratic members of the House and the Senate organize themselves into party conferences that elect the party leaders of each chamber.
In keeping with the decentralized nature of the party, each chamber also creates separate committees to raise and disburse funds for House and Senate election campaigns. Articles from Britannica encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. The Democratic Party is one of the two main political parties in the United States. The other is the Republican Party.
One of the two major political parties in the United States is the Democratic Party. The other major party is the Republican Party.
The Democratic Party is known for its support of ethnic minorities, organized labor, and progressive reform. The party favors government intervention in the economy and opposes government intervention in the private, noneconomic affairs of citizens.
A symbol of the party, though never officially adopted by it, is the donkey, popularized by cartoonist Thomas Nast in the s.
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For ad-free access to your Britannica School or Library account Click here. Democratic Party political party, United States. Henry Clay, mezzotint by H. Sadd, after a painting by J. Andrew Jackson, oil on canvas by Asher B. Under Jackson, the Democratic Party held …. Facebook Twitter YouTube Instagram Pinterest. Button for a Franklin D.
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